Hydronephrosis is a condition where one or both kidneys swell due to the buildup of urine. This occurs when there is an obstruction or blockage in the urinary tract, preventing the normal flow of urine from the kidneys to the bladder.
Common causes of hydronephrosis include kidney stones, an enlarged prostate in men, tumors, or congenital abnormalities in the urinary tract. Infections and pregnancy can also cause temporary blockages, leading to this condition.
Symptoms may vary, but patients often experience back or flank pain, frequent urination, nausea, and swelling in the abdomen. Severe cases may also result in urinary tract infections, which can cause fever, chills, and painful urination.
Diagnosis is typically made through imaging tests such as ultrasounds or CT scans, which can identify blockages and the extent of kidney swelling.
Treatment depends on the underlying cause. If a kidney stone is responsible, it may be treated with medications or removed through surgery. In cases of infection, antibiotics are prescribed. Severe hydronephrosis may require surgical intervention to restore normal urine flow and protect kidney function.
Early detection and management are crucial to preventing permanent kidney damage. Dr. Anindya Maitra, a leading kidney specialist in Kolkata, offers expert care and treatment for hydronephrosis, ensuring patients get the best possible outcomes.